Gold prices declined below $4,000 an ounce on Friday, extending recent losses as stronger US inflation figures and renewed tensions in the Middle East increased expectations of further interest rate increases by the Federal Reserve. The precious metal was heading towards its second consecutive monthly decline.
Spot gold fell 0.7% to $3,992.46 an ounce by 23:50 ET (03:50 GMT), while US gold futures declined 0.8% to $4,002.22.
Other precious metals also weakened, with silver falling 1.7% to $51.29 an ounce and platinum declining 1.8% to $1,460.79. Spot palladium lost 1.7% to $989.46, while palladium futures dropped 2% to $984.75.
The US Dollar Index decreased 0.3% to 101.79, although the weaker currency provided limited support for bullion amid concerns about inflation and monetary policy.
Gold Heads for Second Consecutive Monthly Decline
Gold was on course to finish October with losses exceeding 3%, extending the downward trend that has affected precious metals in recent weeks.
Renewed conflict in the Middle East has contributed to higher energy prices, increasing concerns that inflationary pressures could remain elevated for longer than previously anticipated.
Oil prices advanced amid indications that Washington could resume military action against Iran following the US midterm elections scheduled for the following week.
The prospect of additional geopolitical tensions has complicated the outlook for inflation and interest rates, with rising energy costs potentially influencing consumer prices and broader economic activity.
Although geopolitical uncertainty can increase demand for gold as a defensive asset, the possibility of tighter monetary policy has weighed more heavily on prices.
Stronger US Inflation Reinforces Expectations of Fed Tightening
Recent US economic data strengthened expectations that the Federal Reserve could raise interest rates again before the end of 2026.
The personal consumption expenditures price index, the central bank’s preferred inflation measure, increased 0.5% in September.
That represented the largest monthly increase since March, suggesting that inflationary pressures remained persistent.
The Federal Reserve left its benchmark interest rate unchanged at its latest policy meeting, but Chair Kevin Warsh indicated that additional monetary tightening remained possible.
The combination of stronger inflation figures and uncertainty surrounding energy prices has encouraged investors to reassess the likely direction of US borrowing costs.
Higher interest rates generally reduce the appeal of gold because the metal does not generate interest income, making interest-bearing investments comparatively more attractive.
This relationship has contributed to pressure on bullion despite the decline in the US dollar.
Technology Selloff Adds Pressure to Gold Prices
Gold has also faced selling pressure from volatility in global equity markets, particularly among major technology companies.
According to ANZ, bullion remains vulnerable to broader market liquidations as investors reconsider the potential financial returns from substantial investments in artificial intelligence infrastructure.
Technology shares declined for a second consecutive session following disappointing corporate earnings announcements.
Alphabet was among the companies experiencing significant losses as investors questioned whether aggressive AI spending programmes would deliver sufficient returns.
The technology-led selloff during the previous week had pushed gold to its lowest level since July.
Some investors sold precious metals to cover losses elsewhere in their portfolios, demonstrating how broader financial market stress can temporarily reduce demand for traditional defensive assets.
Since that decline, gold has fluctuated around the $4,000 level, with bargain hunting providing intermittent support.
Chinese Buyers Provide Support Near $4,000
Despite the recent weakness, demand from Chinese households and longer-term investors has helped limit further declines in gold prices.
Buying interest has emerged when prices move lower, particularly around the psychologically important $4,000-an-ounce threshold.
This demand has contributed to periods of stabilisation following the sharp decline triggered by the technology sector selloff.
However, the broader outlook remains sensitive to US inflation data, Federal Reserve policy expectations and developments in the Middle East.
Investors are also monitoring movements in the dollar and government bond yields for indications of how financial conditions may affect demand for precious metals.
Copper Declines as AI Investment Concerns Affect Industrial Metals
The pressure on financial markets has extended beyond precious metals to industrial commodities.
ANZ indicated that the technology sector selloff had increased risk aversion across commodity markets, contributing to weaker prices for base metals.
Copper has been particularly sensitive to changing expectations surrounding artificial intelligence infrastructure investment.
The metal had previously benefited from expectations that the construction of additional data centres and supporting electrical infrastructure would generate stronger demand.
However, concerns about the financial sustainability of these projects have prompted investors to reconsider the outlook for future consumption.
Despite this pressure, demand from China has remained relatively strong.
Chinese buyers have increased efforts to secure copper supplies amid tightening market conditions, helping offset some of the weakness associated with broader investor sentiment.
The Yangshan copper premium, an indicator of demand for imported copper in China, consequently reached a record $200 per tonne.
The increase suggests that physical demand remains firm even as financial market concerns weigh on copper prices.
For gold and other metals, the immediate outlook will depend on the interaction between inflation expectations, monetary policy, geopolitical developments and demand from major consuming markets.
With bullion trading near $4,000 an ounce, investors will be watching whether physical buying can continue to provide support against the prospect of higher US interest rates.
